{"id":101053,"date":"2018-10-04T16:58:49","date_gmt":"2018-10-04T15:58:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/?page_id=101053"},"modified":"2026-04-14T15:34:24","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T14:34:24","slug":"classic-british-comics-who-owns-what","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/british-comics-reference\/classic-british-comics-who-owns-what\/","title":{"rendered":"Classic British Comics: Who Owns What?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>This article was first published on 4th October 2018<\/strong><br \/><strong><em>Last Updated: 14th April 2026 &#8211; Added information on the Anderson Entertainment owned property &#8220;Project S.W.O.R.D.&#8221; in the TV Century 21 entry for Rebellion<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Over the years, a number of companies have purchased rights to various comic brands and characters, often prompting questions about whether that company will start publishing collections of characters they don&#8217;t own on social media.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This list, based where possible on information supplied by the companies listed, attempts to identify the comics key companies own, and is largely focused on &#8220;classic&#8221; brands rather than ongoing titles such as&nbsp;<strong><em>2000AD,&nbsp;Beano<\/em><\/strong>, <strong><em>Commando<\/em><\/strong> and <strong><em>The Phoenix<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We hope it answers many of the questions British comic fans may have about who publishes what.&nbsp;Where there is an official web site, fan web site or page about a particular title, we plan to include links to them.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lewstringercomics.blogspot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"763\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/A567509A-3FF9-4DDB-B307-1FF003346758-763x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"The art of the logo design for comic mastheads, scanned from my collection. All unique, all distinctive. Most of them would have been drawn by hand specifically for the publisher, not using fonts. The secret of a good logo is to stand out and be noticed across a busy shop. Most of these certainly did that! Graphic by Lew Stringer, re-used with his kind permission \" class=\"wp-image-130044\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/A567509A-3FF9-4DDB-B307-1FF003346758-763x1024.jpeg 763w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/A567509A-3FF9-4DDB-B307-1FF003346758-224x300.jpeg 224w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/A567509A-3FF9-4DDB-B307-1FF003346758-768x1031.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/A567509A-3FF9-4DDB-B307-1FF003346758-1144x1536.jpeg 1144w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/A567509A-3FF9-4DDB-B307-1FF003346758.jpeg 1394w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 763px) 100vw, 763px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>The art of the logo design for British comic mastheads. All unique, all distinctive. Most of them would have been drawn by hand specifically for the publisher, not using fonts. The secret of a good logo is to stand out and be noticed across a busy shop. Most of these certainly did that! <a href=\"http:\/\/lewstringercomics.blogspot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Graphic by Lew Stringer, re-used with his kind permission<\/a> <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Added new information on ownership of originated, non TV strips in <\/em>TV21<em> such as \u201cAgent 21\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additions and corrections to this page are very welcome<\/strong>. This is <em>not<\/em> intended to be an exhaustive list of every British comics title ever published or the number of each comic published, and it doesn\u2019t include information on the ownership of every British newspaper strip, a subject deserving its own page, perhaps &#8211; but, hopefully, it does offer some guidance to comic fans and prospective licensors of comics material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Please note<\/strong>:&nbsp;Any days and month listed below in section refers to the <strong><em>cover date<\/em> <\/strong>of the first and last issue. This is <em>not<\/em> the publication date, it is the \u201coff sale date\u201d \u2013 the date on comic titles was guidance to newsagents on when to take a title off the shelves and replace it with the new edition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Please also note there is some repetition of information in each Publisher Section, particularly as with regard to licensed strips. This is intentional.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"228\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Tiger-Tim-Annual-1949.jpg\" alt=\"Tiger Tim first appeared in 1919, in Tiger Tim's Tales (soon changed to Tiger Tim Weekly), but the character's adventures continued to be published for decades \u00a9 2019 Rebellion Publishing Ltd\" class=\"wp-image-103965\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Tiger Tim first appeared in 1919, in Tiger Tim&#8217;s Tales (soon changed to Tiger Tim Weekly), but the character&#8217;s adventures continued to be published for decades \u00a9 2019 Rebellion Publishing Ltd<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Public Domain<\/strong>: A number of readers have pointed to early versions of certain international characters &#8211; for example, E.C&nbsp;Segar&#8217;s &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/popeye.wikia.com\/wiki\/E._C._Segar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Popeye<\/strong><\/a>&#8221; &#8211; now being in the public domain, and asked if strips featuring in some British comics are also now Public Domain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The simple answer is that there is no simple answer, but while it&#8217;s true the earliest iterations of a character &#8211; for example, &#8220;<strong>Tiger Tim<\/strong>&#8221; , who first appeared in <em><strong>Tiger Tim&#8217;s Tales<\/strong><\/em> in 1919, &#8211; could be considered to now fall into this category. But the character was in continuous publication up until the 1950s and was revived, albeit modernised, later, the company now owning the character therefore retaining control of him (and his supporting strip cast).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you&#8217;re confused about copyright law and what may or may not be in the Public Domain, you aren&#8217;t alone. For your initial reference, Wikipedia <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_countries%27_copyright_lengths.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has a page detailing copyright lengths in individual countries across the world<\/a>&nbsp;and t<span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">here&#8217;s also a <strong>Public Domain Calculator<\/strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/archive.outofcopyright.eu\/calculator.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a> &#8211;&nbsp; which takes into account exceptions in different countries (for example, &#8220;Peter Pan&#8221; is in perpetual copyright in the UK). Do note that the algorithm has not been updated for a few years)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For a general guide on why Public Domain it is not as simple as it might appear in Europe, check out this article, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/copyright-untangled\/public-domain-why-it-is-not-that-simple-in-europe-1a049ce81499\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Copyright Untangled<\/a>&#8220;, on Medium &#8211; note you may have to sign up for a free Medium account to view it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To find out what is in the Public Domain in the United States visit <a href=\"https:\/\/law.duke.edu\/cspd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/law.duke.edu\/cspd<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Also, you should note that while a character&#8217;s copyright may be questioned, the character may subsequently have been trademarked by a copyright owner. There is an introduction to UK trademarks <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/topic\/intellectual-property\/trade-marks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a> on the UK government web site and you can search for UK trademarks <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/search-for-trademark\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Intriguingly, a search for &#8220;Tiger Tim&#8221; reveals a &#8220;Class 16&#8221; trademark for <a href=\"https:\/\/trademarks.ipo.gov.uk\/ipo-tmcase\/page\/Results\/1\/UK00000671071\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Tiger Tim&#8217;s Weekly<\/em>&nbsp;(for &#8220;Humorous printed publications for children&#8221;)<\/a> was held by Time Inc, but they let this lapse in 1997. Time acquired many IPC comics titles, subsequently sold to TIMedia and now owned by Rebellion. The trademark was first taken out in 1948.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tiger Tim Products Limited owned the &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/trademarks.ipo.gov.uk\/ipo-tmcase\/page\/Results\/1\/UK00001514627\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tiger Tim<\/a>&#8221; trademark from 1992 but did not renew it in 1999. The London-based company <a href=\"https:\/\/trademarks.ipo.gov.uk\/ipo-tmcase\/page\/Results\/4\/EU012194601\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Origin Limited now owns the registered trademark to a much wider Tiger Tim product list<\/a> that includes &#8220;printed matter&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There&#8217;s also a great news site on the ever changing landscape of copyright law, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.plagiarismtoday.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em><strong>Plagarism Today<\/strong><\/em><\/a>, &#8211; which has a useful article <a href=\"https:\/\/www.plagiarismtoday.com\/2018\/06\/26\/breaking-down-the-new-eu-copyright-bill-article-11\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">on the EU&#8217;s Article 11 legislation<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a general rule of thumb regarding comic strips published in the UK based on book, film, TV, game or animation properties, initial discussion as to reprint would have to be with the the company or individual or author who owns the copyright\/ trademark on the character or title.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, in some instances, while others hold such character copyrights on some publishers, for example, <strong>Rebellion Publishing Ltd.<\/strong>, have told me they own and control the script and the art on the titles they now own such as <strong><em>Look-In<\/em><\/strong>, so don&#8217;t assume there is a free rein on that material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PaniniUK<\/strong> similarly own and control the script and the art on <em><strong>Doctor Who<\/strong><\/em> stories published in <em>TV Comic<\/em>, <em>Countdown<\/em> and <em>TV Action<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Please read the individual entries for publishers for more specific information.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image wp-image-99131 size-full is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"492\" src=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Beano-80-Poster-x700.png\" alt=\"Beano 80th Anniversary Poster\" class=\"wp-image-99131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Beano-80-Poster-x700.png 700w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Beano-80-Poster-x700-300x211.png 300w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Beano-80-Poster-x700-130x90.png 130w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">This 80th anniversary Beano art features over 250 characters from the comic!<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>DC Thomson<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Web: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dcthomson.co.uk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.dcthomson.co.uk<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"1385\" src=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Beano-3972.jpeg\" alt=\"Beano 3972 - Cover\" class=\"wp-image-104855\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Beano-3972.jpeg 960w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Beano-3972-208x300.jpeg 208w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Beano-3972-768x1108.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Beano-3972-710x1024.jpeg 710w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Based in Dundee, DC Thomson is best known today for the weekly <strong><em>Beano<\/em><\/strong> humour comic, and as publisher of <strong><em>Commando<\/em><\/strong> and <strong><em>EPIC<\/em><\/strong>, but it has a rich legacy of titles dating back over a century, including superhero-style characters published in the 1920s &#8211; well before they became popular in the United States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2022 Michael Carroll has compiled a DC Thomson comics timeline <a href=\"https:\/\/michaelowencarroll.wordpress.com\/2018\/08\/25\/dc-thomson-comics-timeline\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a> on Rusty Staples<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Adventures Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Adventure (17th September 1921 &#8211; 14th January 1961) &#8211; merged in The Rover<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buddy (1st February 1981 &#8211; 6th August 1983) &#8211; merged into The Victor<br \/>Bullet (14th February 1976 &#8211; 2nd December 1978) &#8211; merged into Warlord<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Champ (25 February 1984 &#8211; 19th October 1985) &#8211; merged into The Victor<br \/>The Crunch (20th January 1979 &#8211; 26th January 1980) &#8211; merged into The New Hotspur<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Hornet (14th September 1963 &#8211; 7th February 1976) &#8211; merged into The New Hotspur<br \/><em>\u2022 Victor and Hornet Fan Site &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.victorhornetcomics.co.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.victorhornetcomics.co.uk<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Hotspur (2nd September 1933 &#8211; 17th October 1959) &#8211; relaunched as The New Hotspur<br \/>The New Hotspur (24th October 1959 &#8211; 24th January 1981) &#8211; merged into Victor<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Red Arrow (19th March 1932 &#8211; 18th March 1933) &#8211; merged into Adventure<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Scoop (21st January 1978 &#8211; 10th October 1981) &#8211; merged into The Victor<br \/>Spike (22nd January 1983 &#8211; 28th April 1984) &#8211; merged into Champ<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Vanguard (13th October 1923 &#8211; 22nd May 1926) &#8211; possibly merged with Adventure<br \/>The Victor (25th April 1961 &#8211; 21st) November 1992<br \/><em>\u2022 Victor and Hornet Fan Site &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.victorhornetcomics.co.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.victorhornetcomics.co.uk<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Warlord (28th September 1974 &#8211; 27th September 1986) &#8211; merged into The Victor<br \/>The Wizard (23rd September 1922 &#8211; 16th November 1963) &#8211; merged into The Rover<br \/>The Wizard (1970 &#8211; 1st February 1970 &#8211; 25th June 1978) &#8211; merged into Victor<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sports Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Rover (4th March 1922 &#8211; 20th January 1973) &#8211; merged into The Wizard<br \/>The Skipper ( 6th September 1930 &#8211; 1st February 1941)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Girls Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunty (18th January 1958 &#8211; 17th February 2001)<br \/>Blue Jeans (22nd January 1977 &#8211; 16th March 1991) &#8211; merged into Jackie with Jackie dated 23 March 1991<br \/>Cherie (1st October 1960 &#8211; 19th October 1963) &#8211; merged into Romeo<br \/>Debbie (17th February 1973 &#8211; 15th January 1983) &#8211; merged into Mandy &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/michaelowencarroll.wordpress.com\/2018\/05\/19\/pocket-money-comics-debbie\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">read Michael Carroll&#8217;s feature on this comic Rusty Staples<\/a><br \/>Diana (23rd February 1963 &#8211; 4th December 1976) &#8211; merged into Jackie<br \/>Emma (25th February 1978 &#8211; 8th September 1979) &#8211; merged with Judy<br \/>Hi! for Girls (4th March 1988 &#8211; 1992 &#8211; last issue publication date information welcome)<br \/>Jackie (11th January 1964 &#8211; 3rd July 1993)<br \/>Judy (16th January 1960 &#8211; 11th May 1991) &#8211; relaunched as Mandy &amp; Judy &#8211; merged into Bunty<br \/>Mandy (21st January 1967 &#8211; 11th May 1991)&nbsp;&#8211; relaunched as Mandy &amp; Judy &#8211; merged into Bunty<br \/>Mandy &amp; Judy (18 May 1991 &#8211; 24th May 1997) &#8211; merged into Bunty<br \/>Nikki for Girls (23rd February 1985 &#8211; 9th September 1989) &#8211; merged into Bunty<br \/>Patches (10th March 1979 &#8211; 6th January 1989) &#8211; merged into Blue Jeans<br \/>Romeo (31st August 1957 &#8211; 14th September 1974) merged into Diana<br \/>Shout (1993-present)<br \/>Spellbound (25th September 1976 &#8211; 14th January 1978) &#8211; merged into Debbie<br \/>Suzy (10th September 1982 &#8211; 13th June 1987) &#8211; merged into Bunty<br \/>Tracy (6th October 1979 &#8211; 19th January 1985) &#8211; merged into Judy<br \/>TV Tops (10th October 1981 &#8211; 28th January 1984) &#8211; originally titled Tops, merged into Suzy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Humour Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Beano (30th July 1938 &#8211; Present)<br \/><em>Official web site:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.beano.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.beano.com<\/a><\/em><br \/>BeanoMAX (15th February 2007 &#8211; 1 June 2013) &#8211; rebranded as Dennis the Menace and Gnasher\u2019s Epic Magazine<br \/>The Beezer (21st January 1956 -15th September 1990) &#8211; relaunched as&nbsp;The Beezer and Topper<br \/><em>Beezer Golden Years Blog &#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thebeezersgoldenyears.blogspot.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">thebeezersgoldenyears.blogspot.com<\/a> (not updated since 2010)<\/em><br \/>The Beezer and Topper (22nd September 1990 &#8211; 21st August 1993) -Relaunch of The Topper and The Beezer<br \/>The Best of Beezer (1988\u20131996)<br \/>The Best of Topper (1988\u20131996)<br \/>Buzz (20th January 1973 &#8211; 4th January 1975) &#8211; merged into The Topper<br \/>Classics from the Comics (1st March 1996 &#8211; 1st October 2010)<br \/>Cracker (18th January 1975 &#8211; 11th September 1976) &#8211; merged into The Beezer<br \/>The Dandy (4th December 1937 &#8211; 4th December 2012) &#8211; renamed Dandy Xtreme between 2007\u20132010<br \/>Dennis the Menace and Gnasher\u2019s Epic Magazine (1st July 2013 &#8211; 1st April 2016) &#8211; rebranded as: Epic!<br \/>Epic! (1st May 2016 &#8211; March 2019) &#8211; rebranding of: Dennis the Menace and Gnasher\u2019s Epic Magazine. Cancelled after 127 issues<br \/>Goodie Bag Mag (2003\u20132011)<br \/>Hoot (26th October 1985 &#8211; 25th October 1986) &#8211; merged into The Dandy<br \/>The Magic Comic (22nd July 1939 &#8211; 25th January 1941)<br \/>The Magic Comic (1976 &#8211; 31st January 1976 &#8211; 24 February 1979)<br \/>The Midget Comic (5th June 1930 &#8211; 12th September 1930)<br \/>Nutty (14th February 1980 &#8211; 14th September 1985) &#8211; merged into The Dandy<br \/>Plug (24th September 1977 &#8211; 24th February 1979) &#8211; merged into The Beezer<br \/>Sparky (23rd January 1965 &#8211; 9th July 1977) &#8211; merged into The Topper<br \/>The Topper (7th February 1953 &#8211; 15th September 1990)- relaunched as&nbsp;The Beezer and Topper<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Licensed Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bratz<br \/>Bucky O\u2019Hare (20th March 1992 &#8211; 11th December 1992)<br \/>Danger Mouse (1st July 2016 &#8211; 1st July 2017)<br \/>Hurricanes (30th September 1993 &#8211; 2nd December 1993)<br \/>National Geographic Kids<br \/>Pony Stories<br \/>Thunderbirds are Go<br \/>WWE Kids Magazine (now published by a different publisher)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nursery Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Animal Planet (2011\u2013present)<br \/>Animals &amp; You (1998\u2013present)<br \/>Bimbo (18th March 1961 &#8211; 22nd January 1972)<br \/>Little Star (29th January 1972 &#8211; 24th January 1976) &#8211; merged into Twinkle<br \/>Pepper Street (19th January 1985 &#8211; 9th May 1987) &#8211; merged into Twinkle<br \/>Twinkle (27th January 1968 &#8211; 5th June 1999)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pocket Library Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Adventure<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Commando Comics (1st June 1961 &#8211; Present)<br \/><em>Official web site:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.commandocomics.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.commandocomics.com<\/a><\/em><br \/>Football Picture Story Monthly (1st June 1986 &#8211; 1st October 2003)<br \/>Red Dagger (23rd October 1979 &#8211; 1st June 1984) &#8211; read our check list to Red Dagger <a href=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/?p=15831\">here<\/a><br \/>Starblazer (1st April 1979 &#8211; 1st January 1991) &#8211; read our guide to Starblazer, including a full issue guide starting here with &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/?page_id=18889\">Blazing through the Secrecy<\/a>&#8221; by Jeremy Briggs<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Girls<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Blue Jeans Photo Novel (10th June 1980 &#8211; 1992, final publication date information welcome)<br \/>Blue Rosette Romances (1959 &#8211; 1st April 1965) &#8211; merged into Star Love Stories<br \/>Bunty Picture Story Library for Girls (1st May 1963 &#8211; 1997)<br \/>Debbie Picture Story Library for Girls (1st April 1978 &#8211; 1993, final publication date information welcome)<br \/>Golden Heart Love Stories (1957 &#8211; March 1965) &#8211; merged into Star Love Stories<br \/>Judy Picture Story Library for Girls (1st May 1963 &#8211; 1994)<br \/>Love and Life Library (1957 &#8211; March 1965) merged into Star Love Stories<br \/>Lucky Charm (23rd October 1979 &#8211; 1st June 1984)<br \/>Mandy Picture Story Library for Girls (1st April 1978 -1997, final publication date information welcome)<br \/>Silver Moon Romances (1958 &#8211; 1st March 1965) &#8211; merged into Star Love Stories<br \/>Star Love Stories (1st April 1965 &#8211; 1st September 1990 &#8211;&nbsp;Relaunch of Golden Heart Love Stories)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Humour<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Beano Comic Library (1st April 1983 &#8211; 1997) -Relaunched as The Fun-Size Beano<br \/>The Beano Superstars (1992 &#8211; 2002)<br \/>Dandy Comic Library (1st April 1983 -1997) -relaunched as The Fun-Size Dandy<br \/>Dandy Comic Library Special (1987 &#8211; 1994)<br \/>The Fun-Size Beano (1997 &#8211; 1st November 2010) &#8211; relaunched from: Beano Comic Library<br \/>The Fun-Size Dandy (1997 &#8211; 1st November 2010) &#8211; relaunched from Dandy Comic Library<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The Sunday Post<\/em> (1936\u2013present) features &#8220;The Broons&#8221;, &#8220;Nero and Zero&#8221;, &#8220;Nosey Parker Our Muddling Meddler&#8221; and &#8220;Oor Wullie&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Dan Dare Corporation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Web: <a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dandare.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">www.dandare.com<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>This section was last updated on 1st May 2020<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-medium wp-image-29239 is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"452\" height=\"574\" src=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Eagle-and-Swift-01.jpg\" alt=\"Eagle and Swift Issue One, cover dated 9th March 1963\" class=\"wp-image-29239\" style=\"aspect-ratio:0.7874506601333878;width:268px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Eagle-and-Swift-01.jpg 452w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Eagle-and-Swift-01-236x300.jpg 236w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/Eagle-and-Swift-01-17x22.jpg 17w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 452px) 100vw, 452px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Eagle and Swift Issue One, cover dated 9th March 1963<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>The Dan Dare Corporation own the <strong><em>Eagle<\/em><\/strong> comics brand &#8211; both the original 1950s incarnation, including the space hero <strong>Dan Dare<\/strong>, and the 1980s reboot, and the characters that first appeared in that title (but not characters and strips absorbed into it from <em>Tiger<\/em>, for example)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Eagle<\/em> (Volume One) ran for 991 issues between 14th April 1950 \u2013 26th April 1969, before merging with <em>Lion<\/em><br \/><em>Eagle<\/em> (Volume Two) ran for 505 issues between 27the March 1982, monthly from May 1991 &#8211; January 1994<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The company states on its web site that it owns &#8220;<span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Computer Warrior&#8221;,&nbsp; &#8220;Storm<\/span> F<span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">orce&#8221;,&nbsp; &#8220;Ghost Squad&#8221;,&nbsp; &#8220;Manix&#8221;,&nbsp; &#8220;The Fists of Danny Pyke&#8221;,&nbsp; &#8220;Crowe Street Comp&#8221;,&nbsp; &#8220;Walk or Die&#8221;,&nbsp; &#8220;Survival&#8221;,&nbsp; &#8220;The Amstore Computer&#8221;,&nbsp; &#8220;Doomlord&#8221; and&nbsp; &#8220;Detective Zed&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They also own \u201cThe Tower King\u201d, which was collected by Hibernia Comics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, it&#8217;s been pointed out that &#8220;Storm Force&#8221; first appeared in <em>Battle<\/em> and &#8220;Ghost Squad&#8221; is a &#8220;Death Wish&#8221; spin off; both of these strips are actually owned by Rebellion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In April 2020, <strong>John Wagner<\/strong>, co-creator of Doomlord with <strong>Alan Grant<\/strong>, revealed, <a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/groups\/4727793513\/permalink\/10159080582563514\/\" target=\"_blank\">in a Facebook <em><strong>1977-2000AD<\/strong><\/em> group post<\/a>, that &#8220;We disputed with the Dan Dare Corporation that they do actually have the rights, asked them to provide proof that we had assigned the rights to them. They could not do so.&#8221; However, he added that &#8220;It&#8217;s too much hassle to dispute the matter at length&#8230; We were satisfied by preventing them making further use of the story.&#8221; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It would appear that this puts up a roadblock in terms of the creation of any new Doomlord stories, although it has not prevented collections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"991\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Doomlord-Rights-Dispute-2020-04-16-1977FB.png\" alt=\"John Wagner noted that he had contested the Dan Dare Corporation's claimed ownership of Doomlord in a Facebook group post in April 2020\" class=\"wp-image-117801\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Doomlord-Rights-Dispute-2020-04-16-1977FB.png 991w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Doomlord-Rights-Dispute-2020-04-16-1977FB-300x207.png 300w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Doomlord-Rights-Dispute-2020-04-16-1977FB-768x529.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 991px) 100vw, 991px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">John Wagner noted that he had contested the Dan Dare Corporation&#8217;s claimed ownership of Doomlord in a Facebook group post in April 2020<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The Dan Dare Corporation web site makes no mention of strips that were published in the original <em>Eagle<\/em> apart from &#8220;Dan Dare&#8221;, although they have been the first port of call by publishers to reprint, for example, Frank Hampson&#8217;s &#8220;Road of Courage&#8221;. Some strips published in <em>Eagle<\/em> remained the property of creators as they appeared elsewhere before appearing in Eagle &#8211; for example &#8220;PC 49&#8221; and &#8220;Riders of the Range&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The DDC do own all feature material published in the original <em>Eagle<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Express Newspapers\/ The Mirror Group &#8211; REACH plc<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"373\" height=\"500\" src=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Jeff-Hawke-Overlord.jpg\" alt=\"Jeff Hawke: Overlord\" class=\"wp-image-44996\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Jeff-Hawke-Overlord.jpg 373w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Jeff-Hawke-Overlord-224x300.jpg 224w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 373px) 100vw, 373px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>This Section was Last Updated 1st May  2020<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Express Newspapers is now owned by Mirror Group Newspapers, operating as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reachplc.com\/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">REACH plc<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mirror newspaper strip characters include &#8220;Andy Capp&#8221;, &#8220;Buck Ryan&#8221;, &#8220;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/?page_id=17225\" target=\"_blank\">Garth<\/a>&#8221; and the &#8220;The Perishers&#8221; and Express-published newspaper strips include &#8220;Jeff Hawke&#8221; and &#8220;Rupert Bear&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(<strong><em>Rupert Bear<\/em><\/strong> was, and still is, published in the <em>Daily Express<\/em>, with many of these stories later being printed in books, and every year since 1936 a Rupert annual has also been released. UK Media Group Entertainment Rights purchased a majority interest in the Rupert Bear character from the <em>Daily Express<\/em> in 2005, paying some \u00a36 million for a 66.6% control of the character &#8211; but through acquisition the rights to Rupert currently reside with DreamWorks Animation).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>REACH presumably also hold &#8220;James Bond&#8221; assets previously archived at the Express.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It appears REACH also own the brands\/titles published by <strong>Polystyle Publications<\/strong>, including <em>Countdown<\/em> and <em>TV Comic<\/em>. There is more information on Polystyle&#8217;s assets in the &#8220;Polystyle Publications&#8221; section below. They do not own rights to publication of strips published in those titles under license.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The REACH archive includes artwork from the comic strip &#8220;Countdown&#8221; which appeared in <em>Countdown<\/em> comic, drawn by John M. Burns, published by Polystyle. They believe they are certainly in a position to license its collection having discussed the possibility with MGM owners Warners, who own the rights to <em>2001: A Space Odyssey<\/em> and the spaceships used in the strip.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>REACH also hold artwork published in comics produced by City Editions in the 1960s, including <em>Lady Penelope<\/em> and <em>TV Century 21<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Previously, <strong>Chertok TV<\/strong>, owners of &#8220;<strong>My Favourite Martian<\/strong>&#8220;, asserted its rights to ownership of the physical art created for the eponymous <em>TV Century 21<\/em> strip, largely drawn by <strong>Bill Titcombe<\/strong>. The company recovered all existing artwork from Express Newspapers before its merger into REACH, with the intention of publishing collections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Adventure Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Junior Express<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Humour Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Huckleberry Hound Weekly (1961-67)<br \/>Yogi Bear&#8217;s Own (1962-64)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The titles we believe REACH own are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>BEEB (1985)<br \/>Buttons (1981\u201389)<br \/>Countdown\/TV Action (1971\u201373) &#8211; see notes about the &#8220;Countdown&#8221; strip<br \/>Pippin (1966\u20131986)<br \/>Playland (1968\u20131975)<br \/>Pippin in Playland (1975 &#8211; 1986)<br \/>Read To Me (1977)<br \/>Target (1978)<br \/>TV Comic (1951\u20131984)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Look and Learn<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Web:&nbsp;<a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lookandlearn.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">www.lookandlearn.com<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today, Look and Learn is a London-based picture library specialising in historical pictures and vintage imagery. It is a member of&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bapla.org.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\">BAPLA<\/a> (the British Association of Picture Libraries and Agencies). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lookandlearn.com\/about\/index.php\">They have a detailed guide to the titles they own here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2054\" height=\"2717\" src=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Look-and-Learn-100-Cover.jpg\" alt=\"Look and Learn Issue 100 - Cover\" class=\"wp-image-106052\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Look-and-Learn-100-Cover.jpg 2054w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Look-and-Learn-100-Cover-227x300.jpg 227w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Look-and-Learn-100-Cover-768x1016.jpg 768w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Look-and-Learn-100-Cover-774x1024.jpg 774w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2054px) 100vw, 2054px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Excluding the rights to certain comic strips (such as &#8220;The Rise and Fall of the Trigan Empire&#8221;, now owned by Rebellion <a href=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/?p=101020\">after their rights deal with TI Media in 2018<\/a>) and some other easily identifiable material (some strips from <em>Swift<\/em> were also apparently retained by IPC),&nbsp;Look and Learn Limited own the rights to the following magazines:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Bible Story&nbsp;(1964)<br \/>The Children\u2019s Newspaper&nbsp;(1919-65)<br \/>Harold Hare&nbsp;(1959-64)<br \/>Jack and Jill (27th February 1954 \u2014 29th June 1985 &#8211; presumably including the merger&nbsp; titles Dickory Dock, Playbox and Toby. The peculiar nursery title, <i>Candy<\/i>, a creation of Gerry Anderson, published between 1967 and 1968, also merged with <em>Jack and Jill<\/em> in 1969, so presumably it is also owned by Look and Learn)<br \/>Look and Learn (20 January 1962 &#8211; 17 April 1982)<br \/>Once Upon a Time&nbsp;(1969-73)<br \/>Playhour&nbsp;(1954-87 &#8211; presumably including merger titles such as Fun to Do, Fun to Know, Hey Diddle Diddle, Playhour Pictures, Tiny Tots and TV Toyland)<br \/>Ranger&nbsp;(1965-66)<br \/>Robin&nbsp;(1953-69)<br \/>Speed and Power&nbsp;(1974-75)<br \/>Swift&nbsp;(1954 &#8211; 63)<br \/><em>Please note that although this title incorporated ZIP, launched in January 1958, it was not included in the sale of assets by TI Media to Look and Learn &#8211; it is assumed ZIP is owned by Rebellion<br \/><\/em>Teddy Bear&nbsp;(1963-73)<br \/>Tell Me Why&nbsp;(1968-70)<br \/>Treasure (1963-71)<br \/>World of Knowledge&nbsp;(1980-81)<br \/>World of Wonder&nbsp;(1970-75)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Look and Learn also owns the rights to the annuals and other books associated with these magazines. A few characters L&amp;L bought have subsequently been sold on.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-image-114772 is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1745\" height=\"1205\" src=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/img_0324.jpg\" alt=\"Countdown comic issues 40 - 55\" class=\"wp-image-114772\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/img_0324.jpg 1745w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/img_0324-300x207.jpg 300w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/img_0324-1024x707.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/img_0324-768x530.jpg 768w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/img_0324-1536x1061.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1745px) 100vw, 1745px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Countdown comic issues 40 &#8211; 55<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Polystyle Publications<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>This Section was Last Updated 27th February 2020<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Founded on 12th May 1960, Polystyle Publications closed in 1997 due to insolvency. A notice of the liquidation of assets <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thegazette.co.uk\/London\/issue\/54929\/page\/12027\/data.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">appeared in the <em>London Gazette<\/em> on 24th October 1997<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The liquidation of the company by Croydon-based <strong>Levy Gee<\/strong>, completed on 20th November 2003, according to a timeline on <a href=\"https:\/\/opencorporates.com\/companies\/gb\/00658984\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">OpenCorporates<\/a>, but that site carries no actual documents to reference and Companies House does not offer them online.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Surviving Polystyle art assets and brands were once owned by <strong>London and North Surrey Newspapers<\/strong>, later later ARG (LNSN) Limited, until the 1990s. As an editor at Marvel UK in the early 1990s, I negotiated the purchase of all publishing rights from them to the <em>Doctor Who<\/em> strips published in <em>TV Comic<\/em>, <em>Countdown<\/em> and<em> Countdown and TV Action<\/em>. These rights are now held by Panini UK, who acquired them as part of their ownership of the assets of <strong>Marvel UK<\/strong> in the late 1990s. The paperwork for the purchase has been shared with Panini UK and Big Finish, and copies are also presumably held by BBC Studios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ARG (LNSN) Limited ceased trading at around the same time as Polystyle Publications and its wrap up was also handled by Levy Gee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some of its newspapers are now owned by<span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">&nbsp;<\/span><strong style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Newsquest<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">, as the current owners of the<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">&nbsp;<\/span><strong style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Surrey Comet Group<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">, but others, such as the <em>Hounslow Chronicle<\/em> are owned by REACH, owners of the <em>Daily Mirror<\/em> and <em>Express<\/em> newspapers.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Phil Creighton<\/strong>&nbsp;used to work for what was Surrey &amp; Berkshire Newspapers, which was then owned by the <em>Guardian<\/em>, which then sold it to Trinity Mirror (now REACH). As part of the deal, he told downthetubes Trinity had to sell some of its Surrey titles, otherwise it would have created a conflict in the market, <a href=\"https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/media\/555de32de5274a708400007c\/Trinity-Mirror.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an agreement detailed here in a document published by the Office of Fair Trading (PDF)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Simply put, Trinity, now REACH, retained control of the bulk of its titles,&#8221; Phil explains. &#8220;This means it is almost odds-on certain to retain ownership of the London and North Surrey Newspapers associated companies as, if I understand correctly, they only sold the affected titles to a rival publisher.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">This piece of the puzzle means we can now discount any claim of <\/span>ownership of the Polystyle comic brands by Newsquest, and confirms limited past correspondence with what is now REACH that suggested they own by them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By way of further evidence, if Newsquest has any ownership to these titles, no-one at the Surrey Comet Group seems aware of it. Enquiries into ownership of these brands in 2019 by downthetubes failed to generate any meaningful and concrete answers on this front.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The titles we believe REACH own are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>BEEB (1985)<br \/>Buttons (1981\u201389)<br \/>Countdown\/TV Action (1971\u201373) &#8211; see notes below about the &#8220;Countdown&#8221; strip<br \/>Pippin (1966\u20131986)<br \/>Playland (1968\u20131975)<br \/>Pippin in Playland (1975 &#8211; 1986)<br \/>Read To Me (1977)<br \/>Target (1978)<br \/>TV Comic (1951\u20131984)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What Happened to Polystyle Publications Art Assets?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Presumably, very little art from <em>TV Comic<\/em> and other Polystyle titles survives unless owned by its original artists and\/or their estates.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image wp-image-115600 is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"666\" height=\"343\" src=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/London-Gazette-Polystyle-1997-10-24.png\" alt=\"Notice of Liquidation of Polystyle Publications Limited - from the London Gazette, 24th October 1997\" class=\"wp-image-115600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/London-Gazette-Polystyle-1997-10-24.png 666w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/London-Gazette-Polystyle-1997-10-24-300x155.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 666px) 100vw, 666px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Notice of Liquidation of Polystyle Publications Limited &#8211; from the London Gazette, 24th October 1997<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Polystyle&#8217;s liquidators attempted to contact artists\/ licensors through the pages of the <em>London Gazette<\/em> in 1997. We do not know what happened to art that was not returned to them by 27th February 1998.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I personally saw art from <em>TV Comic<\/em> and other titles in the London and North Surrey Newspapers warehouse in Kingston in the early 1990s. It was in a disordered mess, with nothing bar perhaps one or two boards from <em>Countdown<\/em>\/<em>TV Action<\/em> on view &#8211; a &#8220;Thunderbirds&#8221; page by Don Harley, propped up by a door, for one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>downthetubes is aware REACH hold art assets for the &#8220;Countdown&#8221; strip from <em>Countdown<\/em> comic, about 30 pages in total, but a list of comic strip assets held by Express Newspapers in 2008 to which we have access does not suggest much else.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image size-medium wp-image-115601 is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"752\" height=\"960\" src=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Countdown.jpg\" alt=\"A commissioned Countdown artwork by series artist John M. Burns. With thanks to Rian Hughes\" class=\"wp-image-115601\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Countdown.jpg 752w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Countdown-235x300.jpg 235w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 752px) 100vw, 752px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A commissioned <em>Countdown<\/em> artwork by series artist John M. Burns. With thanks to Rian Hughes<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>As with the Rebellion-owned <em>TV Century 21<\/em>, <em>TV21<\/em> and other licensed-based comics, REACH would only be able to license rights to the strips published that do not feature TV, film or other third party properties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To license publication of &#8220;<strong>UFO<\/strong>&#8221; strips from <strong><em>Countdown<\/em><\/strong>, for example, you would require a license from ITV. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Anderson Entertainment<\/strong> released the first of two \u201cUFO\u201d collections in 2021, thanks to their partnership with ITV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/img_4571-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-131414\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/img_4571-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/img_4571-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/img_4571-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/img_4571-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/img_4571.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>REACH have actively sought to license reprint of the &#8220;Countdown&#8221; strip, which would require agreement with them, in partnership with Warner, who own the licensing rights to <em>2001: A Space Odyssey<\/em>, because space vehicles from the film feature in &#8220;Countdown&#8221; drawn by John M. Burns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Dickens Press was set up to handle Polystyle Publications books, including the I-Spy range. i-SPY books are today co-published by Collins and Michelin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2022 The problems of newspapers consigning their archives (and paperwork) to history are discussed <a href=\"https:\/\/boingboing.net\/2019\/04\/04\/the-memory-hole-2.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a> on BoingBoing.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Panini UK<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to its current publishing catalogue which includes Marvel superhero strips published under license, Panini acquired Marvel UK&#8217;s assets in the mid 1990s, which includes the <em>Doctor Who<\/em> strips published in <em>TV Comic<\/em>, <em>Countdown<\/em> etc. and therefore <span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">own and control the script and the art on those strips.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It does not own the Marvel UK characters such as Death&#8217;s Head, Dark Angel, the Knights of Pendragon and Warheads, which remain Marvel property.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/?page_id=10749\">For a guide to both published and unpublished Marvel UK comics check out the downthetubes &#8220;Genesis 1992&#8221; page<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/itcamefromdarkmoor.blogspot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">It Came From Darkmoor is a great Marvel UK blog<\/a><br \/><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/starlogged.blogspot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Starlogged<\/a> regularly features Marvel UK items<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image wp-image-101062 size-full is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" src=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Fleetway-Titles-2018.jpg\" alt=\"Some of the Fleetway titles owned by 2000AD publisher, Rebellion\" class=\"wp-image-101062\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Fleetway-Titles-2018.jpg 960w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Fleetway-Titles-2018-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Fleetway-Titles-2018-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Some of the Fleetway titles owned by 2000AD publisher, Rebellion<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading hidden-xs hidden-sm col-md-4\">Rebellion Publishing Limited<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"hidden-xs hidden-sm col-md-4\"><strong>Web: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rebellionpublishing.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.rebellionpublishing.com<\/a> \/ 2000AD.com<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"890\" src=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/img_7468.jpg\" alt=\"2000AD Prog 1 Cover with Gift\" class=\"wp-image-104983\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/img_7468.jpg 683w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/img_7468-230x300.jpg 230w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Rebellion have owned <em>2000AD<\/em>, <em>Judge Dredd Megazine<\/em> and other related titles for some years, but bought Egmont UK\u2019s classic comics archive and art in 2016 and acquired most of the IPC titles published before 1970, owned by TI Media, in 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prior to this, ownership of many classic British comics was split between IPC, which was bought by Time Warner \u2013 prompting publication of the <em>Albion<\/em> mini-series by Leah Moore, John Reppion and Shane Oakley and two other mini-series \u2013 and Egmont UK. (The indications are that Rebellion own these series).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the 1990s, Egmont and IPC agreed a split on rights that meant that titles published before January 1970 remained the property of IPC and any titles and characters published after that were the property of Egmont. That complicated arrangement \u2013 there were exceptions to the agreement, such as characters published in <em>Buster<\/em>, still being published by Egmont \u2013 is now negated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to the comics below, Rebellion also owns \u201cclassic\u201d characters such as Sexton Blake and Billy Bunter. They also, it is believed, own comics titles published by <strong>C. Arthur Pearson Ltd<\/strong>, which, it has been suggested, IPC acquired when they took over publishing <em>Mirabelle<\/em> in the mid-1960s. These include <em>Western Picture Library<\/em>, some of which were later reprinted by Fleetway\/IPC. These are listed below indicating the original publisher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This list does not include the various Disney titles published by IPC under license, continued by Egmont UK.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Please note that in the late 19th century and early 20th some comic titles relaunched with second volumes, almost immediately after the end of the first, with no real indication of change other than in the indicia. For the purposes of clarity, we\u2019ve referred to subsequent volumes as \u201cVolume Two\u201d etc in the list below. But do note there may be little or no indication of a \u201cnew volume\u201d in the titles themselves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Paperwork on the ownership of titles for Amalgamated Press, IPC and related company titles is not as detailed as it is for companies such as DC Thomson.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rebellion\u2019s Intellectual Properties and assets are spread across multiple companies, all based at Riverside House, Osney Mead, Oxford<\/strong>. Not all relate to the comics they own, with gaming their major source of income. Most operate under the umbrella company, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/11432845\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Group Ltd<\/a><\/strong>, and encompass game releases, film and TV production and much more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Where specific, the outline \u201cNature of Business\u201d as listed at Companies House of each listed company is listed in brackets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rebellion\u2019s book, comic and magazine publishing companies are: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/06993175\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Publishing Ltd.<\/a><\/strong>, the company responsible for <em>2000AD<\/em>, <em>Judge Dredd Megazine<\/em> and book publishing, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/02771597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Publishing Holdings Ltd<\/a><\/strong>. (Head office activities), <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/06640408\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Publishing IP Ltd<\/a><\/strong>., and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/11365550\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion 2000 AD Ltd<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Its games-related companies, generally involved in the publishing of computer games, ready-made interactive leisure and entertainment software development are: <a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/12555343\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Rebellion Digital Assets Ltd<\/strong>.<\/a> (Which specifically encompasses technology service activities), <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/11433789\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Games Holdings<\/a><\/strong> (focused on the activities of head offices), <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/02770932\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Games IP Ltd<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/02770943\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Interactive Ltd<\/a><\/strong>., <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/06643596\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Interactive Games Ltd<\/a><\/strong>., <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/05661032\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Liverpool Ltd<\/a><\/strong>., <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/11721452\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion North Ltd<\/a><\/strong>., <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/04688527\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Software Ltd<\/a><\/strong>., <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/11689693\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Unplugged Ltd<\/a><\/strong>. (Focused on the retail sale of games and toys in specialised stores and retail sale via mail order houses or via Internet), <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/07822337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Warwick Ltd<\/a><\/strong>., and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/05631953\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gruston Ltd<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Its Film and TV related production companies are <a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/10743521\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Rebellion Entertainment Ltd<\/strong>.<\/a>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/10784322\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Factual Ltd<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/11813019\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Film Ltd<\/a><\/strong>., <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/11746449\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Film Studios<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/10293181\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Productions Ltd<\/a><\/strong>., <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/11468925\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Studio Properties Ltd<\/a><\/strong>., and<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/11849266\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion VFX Ltd<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other related active companies listed at Companies House as of November 2024 are <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/11434342\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Entertainment Holdings Ltd<\/a><\/strong>. (Head office activities), <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/12530975\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Flame Ltd<\/a><\/strong>. (Renting and leasing of other personal and household goods), <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/13135732\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Music Ltd<\/a><\/strong>. (Sound recording and music publishing activities), <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/10784940\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Properties Ltd<\/a><\/strong>. And <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/13067795\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Residential Lettings Ltd<\/a><\/strong>. (Other letting and operating of own or leased real estate), and<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk\/company\/11434613\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rebellion Services Ltd<\/a><\/strong>. (Other business support service activities not elsewhere classified).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Adventure and Sports Comics<\/strong><br \/>Note that many adventure comics also included humour strips, until the 1980s\/90s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>2000AD<\/em> (26th February 1977 \u2013 present)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Action<\/em> (First series &#8211; 14th February 1976 \u2013 16th October 1976<br \/><em>Action<\/em> (Second series \u2013 4th December 1976 \u2013 12th November 1977) \u2013 merged with Battle Action<br \/><em>Adventures of Robin Hood<\/em> (1959 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/><em>All-Action Monthly<\/em> (February &#8211; September 1987)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/?page_id=33280\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Visit the downthetubes Action Mirco Site compiled by Moose Harris<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Air War Picture Stories<\/em> (1961 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Battle Picture Library<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">(1961 &#8211; 1984);<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">&nbsp;<\/span><em style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Battle Action<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">(19th November 1977 &#8211; 1st October 1983);<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">&nbsp;<\/span><em style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Battle Action Force<\/em><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">(8th October 1983 \u2013 23rd January 1988) \u2014 merged with<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">&nbsp;<\/span><em style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Eagle<br \/><\/em><em>Buccaneers<\/em> (1959 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/><em>The Boy&#8217;s Leader<\/em> (Story Paper, C. Arthur Pearson title)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Champion<\/em> (26th February 1966 \u2013 4th June 1966) \u2013 merged with <em>Lion<\/em><br \/><em>Chronicles of Judge Dredd<\/em> (1981)<br \/><em>Comet<\/em> (1909, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/><em>Comet<\/em> (20th September 1946 \u2013 17th October 1959) &#8211; merged with <em>Tiger<br \/><\/em><em>Crisis<\/em> (17th September 1988 &#8211; October 1991)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Diceman<\/em> (January 1986 &#8211; October 1986)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Fantastic<\/em> (18th February 1967 \u2014 7th September 1968) \u2014 merged into <em>Smash!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Heroic Adventure Library<\/em> (1964 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/><em>Hurricane<\/em> (29th February 1964 \u2013 8th May 1965) \u2013 merged <em>Tiger<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Jag<\/em> (4th May 1968 &#8211; 29th March 1969) &#8211; merged with <em>Tiger<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Jet<\/em> (1st May 1971 \u2013 25th September 1971) &#8211; merged with <em>Buster<\/em><br \/><em>Judge Dredd Megazine<\/em> (October 1990 \u2013 present)<br \/><em>Judge Dredd: Lawman of the Future<\/em> (1995 \u2013 1996)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Knockout<\/em> (4th March 1939 16 February 1963) &#8211; merged with <em>Valiant<\/em> (note there was also a later humour title with the same title)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Lion<\/em> (23rd February 1952 &#8211; 18th May 1974) &#8211; merged with Valiant<br \/><em>Look Alive<\/em> (18th September 1982 \u2013 16th October 1982)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mystery &amp; Suspense<\/em> (8th April 1997 \u2014 30th October 1998)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Picture Stories of World War Two<\/em> (1960 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson Ltd. title)<em><br \/>Pow!<\/em> (21 January 1967 \u2014 13 January 1968) \u2014 merged with <em>Wham!<br \/>Private-Eye Picture Stories<\/em> (1961 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson Ltd. title)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Revolver<\/em> (July 1990 &#8211; January 1991) &#8211; merged with <em>Crisis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The Scout<\/em> (Story Paper, C. Arthur Pearson title)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Scream!<\/em> (24th March 1984 \u2013 30th June 1984) &#8211; merged with <em>Eagle<\/em><br \/><em>Scream fan site at&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.backfromthedepths.co.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.backfromthedepths.co.uk<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Secret Agent Picture Library <\/em>(1961 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson Ltd. title)<em><br \/>Sea War Picture Library<\/em> (1962 series, C. Arthur Pearson Ltd. title)<em><br \/><\/em><em>Smash!<\/em> (5th February 1966 \u2013 3rd May 1971) &#8211; merged with <em>Valiant<\/em><br \/><em>Speed<\/em> (23rd February 1980 \u2013 25th October 1980) &#8211; merged with <em>Tiger<\/em><br \/><em>Starlord<\/em> (13th May 1978 &#8211; 7th October 1978) &#8211; merged with <em>2000AD<\/em><br \/><em>Sun<\/em> (11th November 1947 &#8211; 17th October 1959) &#8211; merged with <em>Lion<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Thunder<\/em> (17th October 1970 \u2013 12th March 1971) &#8211; merged with <em>Lion<br \/>Terrific<\/em> (15 April 1967 \u2014 3 February 1968) \u2014 merged into <em>Fantastic<\/em><br \/><em>Thriller Comics<\/em> (November 1951 &#8211; May 1963)<br \/><em>Tiger<\/em> (Sept. 11, 1954 &#8211; March 30, 1985)<br \/><em>Titbits Science Fiction Comics<\/em> (1953 &#8211; C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/><em>Titbits Wild West Comics<\/em> (1953 &#8211; ??&lt; C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/><em>Tornado<\/em> (24th March 1979 -n 18th August 1979) &#8211; merged with <em>2000AD<\/em><br \/><em>True War<\/em> (1978)<br \/><em>TV Picture Stories <\/em>(1958 series, C. Arthur Pearson Ltd. title) &#8211; also listed under &#8220;Film and TV&#8221; titles below<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Valiant<\/em> (6th October 1962 &#8211; 16th October 1976) &#8211; merged with <em>Battle<\/em><br \/><em>Valiant &#8211; Story of the West<\/em> (April 1962)<br \/><em>Vulcan<\/em> (27th September 1975 \u2013 3rd April 1976) &#8211; merged with <em>Valiant<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>War Comic Home Journal<\/em> (25th November 1899 \u2013 10th February 1900)<br \/><em>War Picture Library<\/em> (1 September 1958 \u2013 3 December 1984)<br \/><em>Western Picture Library<\/em> (1958 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson Ltd. title)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Wham!<\/em> (20 June 1964 \u2013 13 January 1968) \u2014 merged into<em> Pow!<\/em><br \/><em>Wildcat<\/em> (22nd October 1988 \u2013 25th March 1989) &#8211; merged with Eagle<br \/><em>Wild West Picture Stories<\/em> (1960 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<em><br \/>World War Picture Stories (1960 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>ZIP<\/em> (1958 &#8211; 1959) &#8211; <em>although this title merged with<\/em> Swift<em>, it was not included in the sale of assets by TI Media to Look and Learn. It is therefore assumed ZIP is owned by Rebellion<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sports Comic Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Hot-Shot<\/em> (13th August 1988 \u2013 28th January 1989) \u2013 merged <em>Roy of the Rovers<\/em><br \/><em>Johnny Cougar&#8217;s Wrestling Monthly<\/em> (October 1992 &#8211; March 1993)<br \/><em>Roy of the Rovers<\/em> (25th September 1976 \u2013 20th March 1993)<br \/><em>Best of Roy of the Rovers Monthly<\/em> (April 1988 &#8211; June 1990)<br \/><em>Roy of the Rovers Monthly<\/em> (July 1990)<br \/><em>Official Roy of the Rovers site:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/royoftheroversofficial.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">royoftheroversofficial.com<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Scorcher<\/em> (10th June 1970 &#8211; 26th June 1971) &#8211; merged with <em>Scorcher &amp; Score<\/em><br \/><em>Scorcher &amp; Score<\/em> (3rd July 1971 &#8211; 5th October 1974) &#8211; merged with <em>Tiger<\/em><br \/><em>Score n&#8217; Roar<\/em> (19th September 1970 \u2013 26th June 1971) &#8211; merged with <em>Scorcher &amp; Score<\/em><br \/><em>Shoot<\/em> (16th August 1969 \u2013 December 2008<br \/><em>Sports Fun<\/em> (11th February 1922 \u2013 6th May 1922)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Tiger<\/em> (11th September 1954 \u2013 30th March 1985) &#8211; merged with <em>Eagle<\/em><br \/>Note: Tiger did not start out as a solely \u201csports\u201d comic but became one<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Film and TV Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Emergency Ward 10<\/em> (1958 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/><em>Film Picture Library<\/em> (1959 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"707\" src=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/d96b8784-836b-4619-8c0e-1aa43a299990-e1554619458439.jpg\" alt=\"Look-In Covers Montage\" class=\"wp-image-106044\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><em>Look-In<\/em> (9th January 1971 &#8211; 1994)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A special word about <em>Look-In<\/em>, as questions about strips it featured get asked a lot. Rebellion now owns the &#8220;Look-In&#8221; brand but as with <em>TV Century 21<\/em>\/ <em>TV21<\/em> and <em>Lady Penelop<\/em>e, most of the strips featured based on TV properties &#8211; <em>Follyfoot<\/em>, <em>The Tomorrow People<\/em>, <em>Space: 1999<\/em> and many more &#8211; these were published under license and reproduction would require a licensing agreement from the current property holders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, while others hold the character copyrights on TV properties, In January 2020, Rebellion told downthetubes they own and control the script and the art on the <em>Look-In<\/em> material, so don&#8217;t assume there is a free rein on that material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The music strips were originated for <em>Look-In<\/em> were all originally copyright IPC, with the exception of &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/2U2kacH\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>The Beatles Story<\/strong><\/a>&#8221; and &#8220;<strong>The Elvis Story<\/strong>&#8221; which are owned jointly by the widow of Angus Allan and artist Arthur Ranson. However, from experience, it might be that anyone wanting to reproduce, for example, a collection of the &#8220;Bucks Fizz&#8221; strip (and yes, it has come up in discussions!), would also have to negotiate some kind of agreement with the agents for that band, especially if they were seeking to collect the strips for publication in the United States, where copyright over your likeness is more strictly enforced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>TV Picture Stories<\/em> (1958 &#8211; ?? C. Arthur Pearson title)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"580\" height=\"584\" src=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/tv21-001-with-gift.jpg\" alt=\"TV Century 21 with decoder gift\" class=\"wp-image-12882\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/tv21-001-with-gift.jpg 580w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/tv21-001-with-gift-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/tv21-001-with-gift-297x300.jpg 297w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/tv21-001-with-gift-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/tv21-001-with-gift-115x115.jpg 115w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>TV Century 21 with decoder gift, published in 1965<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>The &#8220;TV21&#8221; Family<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2019, Rebellion confirmed to downthetubes that they own the <em>TV Century 21<\/em> title, which suggests they also own <em>TV Tornado<\/em> (which merged with <em>TV21<\/em> with Issue 192) and <em>Solo<\/em> which was merged with <em>TV Tornado<\/em> with Issue 37.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As titles,&nbsp;<em>Joe 90<\/em> and <em>Lady Penelope<\/em>, two of the sister titles to <em>TV21<\/em> published by City Editions would have today be licensed for use from ITV, but the later incarnation of Lady Penelope, titled simply <em><strong>Penelope<\/strong><\/em>, later merged with <em>Princess Tina<\/em>, is presumably also owned by Rebellion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The peculiar nursery title, <strong><i>Candy<\/i><\/strong>, published between 1967 and 1968, merged with <strong><em>Jack and Jill<\/em><\/strong> comic in 1969, a title brand and characters owned by the <em><strong>Look and Learn<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; see above.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Most of the strips featured in titles such as <em>TV Century 21<\/em>, <em>Lady Penelope,<\/em>&nbsp;<em>Solo<\/em> and <em>Tornado<\/em> were based on TV properties, published under license and reproduction would require a licensing agreement from the current brand holders. so, although Rebellion owns some of the City Editions <em>titles<\/em>, to license publication of &#8220;<strong>Thunderbirds<\/strong>&#8221; strips from <strong><em>TV21<\/em><\/strong>, for example, you would require a license from ITV.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"801\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/img_7384-801x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Doctor Who Magazine presents THE DALEKS - Cover\" class=\"wp-image-123003\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/img_7384-801x1024.jpg 801w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/img_7384-235x300.jpg 235w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/img_7384-768x982.jpg 768w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/img_7384-1201x1536.jpg 1201w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/img_7384.jpg 1219w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 801px) 100vw, 801px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>The cover of the Doctor Who Magazine presents THE DALEKS, published in 2020. Cover by Mile Collins<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Reproduction of &#8220;<strong>The Daleks<\/strong>&#8221; for <em>TV Century 21<\/em> would require permission from Rebellion and a joint license from the BBC and the agents of the Terry Nation Estate. This joint licensing issue is in part why a hardcover collection has yet to happen and the only collections remain the Special edited by Gary Russell for Marvel UK in the 1990s, possible in part because MUK was then a <em>Doctor Who<\/em> license holder; and <em>Doctor Who Magazine presents THE DALEKS<\/em>, published by Panini in 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Strips such as &#8220;The Monkees&#8221; for <em>Lady Penelope<\/em> were also produced under license and would require permission for reproductions from the band&#8217;s agents (in the case of <em>The Monkees<\/em>, RHINO).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, while others hold the character copyrights on TV properties, In January 2020, Rebellion told downthetubes they own and control the script and the art on the <em>TV Century 21<\/em>-related material, so as with <em>Look-In<\/em>, above, don&#8217;t assume there is a free rein on that material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Previously, <strong>Chertok TV<\/strong>, owners of &#8220;<strong>My Favourite Martian<\/strong>&#8220;, asserted its rights to ownership of the physical art created for the eponymous <em>TV Century 21<\/em> strip, largely drawn by <strong>Bill Titcombe<\/strong>. The company recovered all existing artwork from Express Newspapers before its merger into  REACH, with the intention of publishing collections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other rights holders of strips such as &#8220;Burke&#8217;s Law&#8221; and &#8220;The Munsters&#8221; would own also the rights to those strips.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, the ownership of non-TV strips created for publication in <em>TV Century 21<\/em> now appears to rest with Rebellion. It is our understanding that Anderson Entertainment have in the past been unable to assert rights to &#8220;Catch of Kill&#8221;, &#8220;Hold the Front Page&#8221;, &#8220;The Investigator&#8221;, &#8220;Secret Agent 21&#8221; (and its incarnation as &#8220;Mr Magnet&#8221;) and &#8220;Super League&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In early 2022, we learned that there had been some recent clarification\/ agreements on the<em> TV21<\/em> non TV, originated strips such as \u201cAgent 21\u201d and \u201cCatch or Kill\u201d between Anderson Entertainment and Rebellion, so collections are now more possible than before.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/crowdfunding-spotlight-gerry-andersons-project-comes-to-kickstarter\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"675\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Project-SWORD-Cover-675x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Gerry Anderson\u2019s\u00a0Project SWORD - Cover (Time Bomb Comics, 2026)\" class=\"wp-image-184373\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Project-SWORD-Cover-675x1024.jpg 675w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Project-SWORD-Cover-198x300.jpg 198w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Project-SWORD-Cover-768x1166.jpg 768w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Project-SWORD-Cover-1012x1536.jpg 1012w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Project-SWORD-Cover.jpg 1349w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 675px) 100vw, 675px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>In 2026, <a href=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/crowdfunding-spotlight-gerry-andersons-project-comes-to-kickstarter\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">following the announcement of a new <em>Gerry Anderson&#8217;s Project SWORD<\/em> Graphic Novel from Time Bomb Comics<\/a>, in partnership with Anderson Entertainment, we were informed by TBC publisher Steve Tanner that AE own Project S.W.O.R.D., just as they also own properties such as <em>New Captain Scarlet<\/em> and <em>Terrahawks<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It should, of course, be noted that some of these strips did on occasion feature Gerry Anderson-related vehicles and some elements from the wider &#8220;Century 21&#8221; universe, which would complicate the reprinting of some strips.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Of the strips in <em>Lady Penelope<\/em>, only &#8220;What Did That Dog Say?&#8221; &#8211; a humorous stories about a girl who can understand the language of dogs thanks to a magic ring &#8211; might be owned by Rebellion. Created by Angus Allan, this first appeared in <em>Lady Penelope<\/em> as a text story, but it was popular enough to become a weekly comic strip. Later it would be renamed &#8220;What Did That Dog (And Cat) Say?&#8221; when the main character, Cathy, gained the ability to understand cats as well as dogs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><i>Solo<\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>TV 21 &amp; Joe 90<\/em> (27th September 1969 25 September 1971) &#8211; merged with <em>Valiant<\/em><br \/>See notes about Express Newspapers above on the <em>TV21<\/em> brand<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>TV Tornado<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Girls Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bonnie<\/em> (16th March 1974 \u2013 10th May 1974)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Continental Film Photo Stories<\/em> (1960 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"754\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Dreamer-05-12-1981-Cover-754x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Dreamer, cover dated 5th October 1981, Via Great News For All Readers. Dreamer \u00a9 Rebellion\" class=\"wp-image-106049\" style=\"width:189px;height:256px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Dreamer-05-12-1981-Cover-754x1024.jpg 754w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Dreamer-05-12-1981-Cover-221x300.jpg 221w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Dreamer-05-12-1981-Cover-768x1042.jpg 768w, https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Dreamer-05-12-1981-Cover.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 754px) 100vw, 754px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dreamer, cover dated 5th October 1981, Via Great News For All Readers. Dreamer \u00a9 Rebellion<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><em>Dreamer<\/em> (19th September 1981 \u2013 15th May 1982) \u2013 merged with <em>Girl<\/em><br \/>Comics writer Alison Mary Fitt tells us this was a beautiful story magazine for girls that included photo picture stories, a sort of <em>Junior Jackie<\/em>. It was very popular, but was cancelled without explanation. Great News for All Readers <a href=\"http:\/\/www.greatnewsforallreaders.com\/blog\/2017\/10\/7\/on-this-day-10-october-1981-dreamer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has an interesting article about this title<\/a> and the possible ramifications of its cancellation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Fabulous<\/em> &#8211; renamed <em>Fabulous 208<\/em> from June 1966 then <em>Fab 208<\/em> from August 1975 (18th January 1964 \u2013 27th September 1980)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Girl<\/em> (Volume One &#8211; 2nd November 1951 \u2013 3rd October 1964) &#8211; merged with <em>Princess<\/em>; Volume Two \u2013 14th January 1981 \u2013 1990)<br \/><em>Girls Crystal<\/em> (23rd October 1937 \u2013 18th May 1940) &#8211; merged with <em>School Friend<br \/>The Glamour Library<\/em> (1960s &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Heartbeat<\/em> (3rd October 1981 \u2013 10th May 1982) \u2013 merged with <em>My Guy<br \/>Hospital Nurse Picture Library<\/em> (1964 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<em><br \/><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Jinty<\/em> (11th May 1974 &#8211; 21st November 1981) &#8211; merged with <em>Tammy<\/em><br \/><em>June<\/em> (18th March 1961 \u2013 15th June 1974) \u2013 merged with <em>Tammy<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Lindy<\/em> (21st June 1975 &#8211; 1st November 1975) &#8211; merged with <em>Jinty<\/em><br \/><em>Love Romance<\/em> (May 1950 \u2013 information on date of last issue welcomed)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mates<\/em> (8th February 1975 &#8211; 29th August 1981) &#8211; merged with <em>Oh Boy<\/em><br \/><em>Marilyn<\/em> (19th March 1955 &#8211; 18th September 1965) &#8211; merged with <em>Valentine<\/em><br \/><em>Marty<\/em>(1960 &#8211; 1963, C. Arthur Pearson title)<em><br \/>Mirabelle<\/em> (10th September 1956 &#8211; 22nd October 1977) &#8211; originally a C. Arthur Pearson Ltd. title, merged with <em>Pink<\/em><br \/><em>Mirabelle Pop Film and TV Star Library<\/em> (1959 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<em><br \/>Misty<\/em> (4th February 1978 \u2013 12th January 1980) &#8211; merged with <em>Tammy<\/em><br \/>My Guy (4th March 1978 \u2013 final issue date information welcome)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>New Glamour<\/em> (1956 &#8211; ?? C. Arthur Pearson title)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oh Boy (12th October 1976 &#8211; 12th January 1985) &#8211; merged with <em>My Guy<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Penelope<\/em> &#8211; the later incarnation of <em>Lady Penelop<\/em>e &#8211; merged with <em>Princess Tina<br \/>Penny<\/em> (24th May 1979 &#8211; 5th May 1980) &#8211; merged with <em>Jinty<\/em><br \/><em>Petticoat<\/em> (1966 &#8211; 1975) \u2014 merged with <em>Hi<\/em><br \/><em>Photo Love<\/em> (31st March 1979 &#8211; 29th January 1981) &#8211; merged with <em>Oh Boy<\/em><br \/><em>Photo Romances<\/em> (1960, C. Arthur Pearson title)<em><br \/>Photo Secret Love<\/em> (15th March 1980 &#8211; 30th January 1981) &#8211; merged with <em>Photo Love<\/em><br \/><em>Pink<\/em> (24th March 1973 \u2013 14th June 1980) &#8211; merged with <em>Mates<br \/>Picture Romance Library<\/em> (1956 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson Ltd. title)<em><br \/>Pixie<\/em> (24th June 1972 \u2013 13th January 1973) &#8211; merged with <em>June<\/em><br \/><em>Poppet<\/em> (5th October 1963 \u2013 11th July 1964) &#8211; merged with <em>June<\/em><br \/><em>Princess<\/em> (30th January 1960 \u2013 16th September 1967) &#8211; merged with <em>Princess Tina<\/em><br \/><em>Princess<\/em> (24th September 1983 &#8211; 31st March 1984) &#8211; merged with <em>Tammy<\/em><br \/><em>Princess Tina<\/em> (23rd September 1967 &#8211; merged with <em>Pink<\/em> in 1973)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Roxy<\/em> (15th March 1958 &#8211; 14th September 1963) &#8211; merged with <em>Valentine<\/em><br \/><em><br \/>Sally<\/em> (14th June 1969 &#8211; 27th March 1971) &#8211; merged with <em>Tammy<\/em><br \/><em>Sandie<\/em> (12th February 1972 &#8211; 20th October 1973) &#8211; merged with <em>Tammy<\/em><br \/><em>School Friend<\/em> (20th May 1950 \u2013 23rd June 1965) &#8211; merged with <em>June<\/em><br \/><em>Serenade<\/em> (22nd September 1962 &#8211; 9th February 1963) &#8211; merged with <em>Valentine<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Tammy<\/em> (6th February 1971 \u2013 23rd June 1984) &#8211; merged with <em>Girl<\/em><br \/><em>Tina<\/em> (25th February 1967 &#8211; 16th September 1967) &#8211; merged with<em> Princess Tina<\/em><br \/><em>TV Fan<\/em> (12th September 1959 \u2013 30th January 1960) &#8211; merged with <em>Valentine<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Valentine<\/em> (19th January 1957 &#8211; 9th November 1974) &#8211; merged with <em>Mirabelle<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Young Lovers Picture Story Library<\/em> (1958 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Humour Titles<\/strong><br \/>Note that many humour comics also included adventures strips, until the 1980s\/90s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Best of Krazy (June 1978)<br \/>Big Budget (1897-1907, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/>Big Comic Fortnightly (June 1988 \u2013 1994)<br \/>Big One (17th October 1964 \u2013 10th February 1965)<br \/>Buster (28th May 1960 \u2013 4th January 2000)<br \/>Buster Puzzle Book (1969)<br \/><em>\u2022 Buster fan site at&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bustercomic.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.bustercomic.com<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Charlie Chaplin&#8217;s Fun Book (1915)<br \/>Cheeky Weekly (22nd October 1977 \u2013 2nd February 1997) \u2013 merged with Whoopee<br \/><em>\u2022 Cheekly Weekly blog at&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/cheekyweekly.blogspot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cheekyweekly.blogspot.com<\/a><\/em><br \/>Cheerio (17th May 1919 \u2013 17th April 1919) \u2013 merged with Kinema Comic<br \/>Chicks Own (22nd September 1920 \u2013 9th March 1957)<br \/>Chuckles (10th January 1914 \u2013 1st December 1923) \u2013 merged with Jungle Jinks<br \/>The Christmas Comic (1931-33, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/>The Christmas Holiday Comic (1937, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/>Comic Cuts (17th May 1890 \u2013 12th September 1953) \u2013 merged with Knockout<br \/>Comic Life (30th December 1899 \u2013 21st January 1899) &#8211; merged with My Favourite Henderson<br \/>Comic Relief Comic (1991)<br \/>Cor!! (6th June 1970 \u2013 15th June 1974) \u2013 merged with Buster<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dan Leno&#8217;s Comic Journal (1898 &#8211; 1899,, C. Arthur Pearson title)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Film Fun (17th January 1920 \u2013 8th September 1962) &#8211; merged with Buster<br \/>Film Picture Stories (28th July 1934 \u2013 16th February 1935) \u2013 merged with Film Fun<br \/><em>&#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dandare.info\/history\/FPS-notes.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">There&#8217;s a guide to this title here on DanDareInfo<\/a><\/em><br \/>Firefly (28th February 1914 \u2013 13th February 1915); Firefly \u2018Volume 2\u2019 (20th February 1915 \u2013 31st March 1917) \u2013 merged with Butterfly<br \/>Fun &amp; Fiction (14th October 1911 \u2013 21st February 1914) \u2013 merged with Firefly<br \/>Funny Pips (1903, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/>Funny Wonder (26th December 1914 \u2013 16th May 1942) \u2013 merged with Wonder<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Giggle (29th April 1967 \u2013 13th January 1968) &#8211; merged with Buster<br \/>Golden Penny Comic (14th October 1922 \u2013 28th January 1928) \u2013 merged with Comic Cuts<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Halfpenny Wonder (28th March 1914 \u2013 19th December 1914)<br \/>&#8211; merged with Funny Wonder<br \/>Happy Days (8th October 1938 \u2013 5th August 1939) &#8211; merged with Chicks Own<br \/>The Holiday Comic (1939, C. Arthur Pearson title)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Illustrated Chips (Volume One \u2013 26th July 1890 \u2013 30th August 1890); \u2018Volume Two\u2019 6th September 1890 \u2013 12th September 1953) \u2013 merged with Film Fun<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jackpot (5th May 1979 &#8211; 30th January 1982) &#8211; merged with Buster<br \/>Jester (27th January 1912 &#8211; 18th December 1920) &#8211; merged with Jolly Jester<br \/>Jester &amp; Wonder (24th May 1902 &#8211; 20th January 1912) &#8211; merged with Jester<br \/>Jester (23rd February 1924 &#8211; 18th May 1940) &#8211; merged with Funny Wonder<br \/>Jingles (13th January 1934 &#8211; 29th May 1954) &#8211; merged with TV Fun<br \/>Joker (5th November 1927 &#8211; 18th May 1940) &#8211; merged with Illustrated Chips<br \/>Jolly Comic (19th January 1935 \u2013 28th October 1939) &#8211; merged with Comic Cuts<br \/>Jolly Jumbo&#8217;s Christmas Holiday Comic (1934 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/>Jolly Jester (25th December 1920 \u2013 15th January 1924) &#8211; merged with Jester<br \/>Jungle Jinks (8th December 1923 &#8211; 7th February 1925) \u2013 merged with Playbox<br \/>Junior Puzzles (June 1978- June 1982)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kinema Comic (24th May 1920 15th October 1932) &#8211; merged with Film Fun<br \/>Krazy (16th October 1976 &#8211; 15th May 1978) &#8211; merged with Whizzer &amp; Chips<br \/>Knockout (2nd June 1971 \u2013 23rd June 1973) \u2014 merged with Whizzer and Chips (note there was also an earlier adventure title with the same title)<br \/>Krazy (16th October 1976 \u2014 15th April 1978) \u2014 merged with Whizzer and Chips<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Larks (29th October 1927 &#8211; 18th May 1940) &#8211; merged with Comic Cuts<br \/>Little Sparks (Volume One &#8211; 24th May 1920 \u2013 15th May 1920; Volume Two \u2013 22nd May 1920 \u2013 30th September 1922) \u2013 merged with Sunbeam<br \/>Lots-O&#8217;-Fun (17th March 1906 \u2013 16th February 1929) &#8211; merged with Crackers<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Monster Comic (1939 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/>Monster Fun Comic (14th June 1975 &#8211; 30th October 1976) &#8211; merged with Buster<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nipper (31st January \u2014 12th September 1987) \u2014 merged into Buster<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Penny Wonder (10th January 1912 \u2013 28th December 1912) &#8211; merged with Wonder<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oink! (3rd May 1986 &#8211; 22 October 1988) \u2014 merged into Buster<br \/>Note \u2013 many of the strips featured in Oink! are creator owned<br \/><em>\u2022 Phil&#8217;s Oink! Blog is at&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/the-oink-blog.blogspot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the-oink-blog.blogspot.com<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Radio Fun (15th October 1938 &#8211; 18th February 1961) &#8211; merged with Buster<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>School Fun (15th October 1983 \u2013 26th May 1984) &#8211; merged with Buster<br \/>The Seaside Comic (mid-1930s, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/>Shiver &amp; Shake (10th March 1973 &#8211; 5th October 1974) &#8211; merged with Whoopee<br \/>The Spring Comic (1932-1934, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/>The Summer Comic (1932-1938, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/>The Summer Holiday Comic (1935 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/>Sunny Sands (1939 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<br \/>Sparkle (1953 &#8211; ??, C. Arthur Pearson title)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tiger Tim&#8217;s Tales (1st June 1919 \u2013 24th January 1920) &#8211; merged with Tiger Tim&#8217;s Weekly<br \/>Tiger Tim&#8217;s Weekly (31st January 1920 \u2013 12th November 1921; relaunch volume 19th November 1921 &#8211; 18th May 1940) &#8211; merged with Rainbow<br \/>Tip Top (21st April 1934 &#8211; 29th May 1954) &#8211; merged with TV Fun<br \/>Top Spot (25th October 1958 &#8211; 16th January 1960) &#8211; merged with Film Fun<br \/>TV Fun (19th September 1953 &#8211; 5th September 1959) &#8211; merged with TV Fan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whizzer &amp; Chips (18th October 1969 &#8211; 17th October 1990) &#8211; merged with Buster<br \/>Whoopee (9th March 1974 &#8211; April 1985) &#8211; merged with Whizzer &amp; Chips<br \/>Wonder (30th July 1892 &#8211; 27th January 1893) &#8211; merged with Funny Wonder<br \/>Wonder (1st June 1901 &#8211; 9th November 1901; Volume Two, 16th November 1901 \u2013 3rd May 1902) \u2013 merged with Wonder &amp; Jester<br \/>Wonder (4th January 1913 \u2013 21st March 1914) &#8211; merged with Halfpenny Wonder<br \/>Wonder (30th May 1942 \u2013 12th September 1953) &#8211; merged with Radio Fun<br \/>Wonder &amp; Jester (10th May 1902 &#8211; 17th May 1902) &#8211; merged with Jester &amp; Wonder<br \/>Wow (5th June 1982 \u2013 25th June 1983) &#8211; merged with Whoopee!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Licensed Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Black Hole (January 1980)<br \/>Grange Hill Magazine (1980 \u2013 1981)<br \/>M.A.S.K. (25th October 1986 &#8211; 22nd October 1988) &#8211; merged with Eagle<br \/>Red Dwarf Smegazine (March 1992 &#8211; January 1994)<br \/>Ring-Raiders (18th September 1989 25 November 1989)<br \/>Supernaturals (31st October 1987 &#8211; 4th March 1988)<br \/>Toxic Crusaders (14th August 1992 &#8211; Late 1992 \u2013 exact dates welcome)<br \/>Vampirella (February 1975 &#8211; May 1975)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nursery Titles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bo-Peep &amp; Little Boy Blue (19th October 1929 \u2013 14th April 1934) \u2013 Merged into Chicks Own<br \/>Bobo Bunny (22nd March 1969 \u2013 27th January 1969) &#8211; merged into Hey Diddle Diddle<br \/>Bubbles &amp; The Children&#8217;s Fairy (16th April 1921 \u2013 24th May 1941) \u2013 Merged with Chicks Own<br \/>Butterfly (19th September 1904 \u2013 31st September 1904) \u2013 became Butterfly &amp; Firefly<br \/>Butterfly &amp; Firefly (7th April 1917 \u2013 17th October 1925) &#8211; became Butterfly<br \/>Butterfly (24th October 1925 \u2013 18th May 1940) \u2013 became Butterfly &amp; Merry<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Children&#8217;s Fairy (1st November 1919 \u2013 9th April 1921) \u2013 merged with Bubbles<br \/>Children&#8217;s Sunday Fairy (11th October 1919 \u2013 25th October 1919) \u2013 merged with Children&#8217;s Fairy<br \/>Chips Comic (12th March 1983 \u2013 10th July 1983) &#8211; merged with Playhour<br \/>Chips Comic Book (October 1984)<br \/>Crackers (22nd January 1929 \u2013 31st May 1941) \u2013 merged with Jingles<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Favourite Comic (21st January 1911 \u2013 31st March 1917) \u2013 merged with Merry &amp; Bright<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Golden (23rd October 1937 \u2013 18th May 1940) \u2013 merged with Jingles<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Merry &amp; Bright (22nd October 1910 &#8211; 31st March 1917) &#8211; merged with Merry &amp; Bright the Favourite Comic<br \/>Merry &amp; Bright the Favourite Comic (7th May 1917 &#8211; 19th January 1935) &#8211; merged with Butterfly<br \/>My Favourite Sparkler (28th January 1928 \u2013 13th October 1934)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Playbox (1925 &#8211; 1955) \u2014 merged with Jack and Jill<br \/>Rainbow (14th February 1914 \u2013 28th May 1956) &#8211; merged with Tiny Tots<br \/>Puck (1904 &#8211; 1940) \u2014 merged with Sunbeam<br \/>Playtime (Volume One &#8211; 29th March 1919 &#8211; 17th November 1923; Volume Two &#8211; 24 November 1923 12 October 1929) \u2013 merged with Bo-Peep<br \/>Puck (30th July 1904 \u2013 11th May 1940) &#8211; merged with Sunbeam<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rainbow (1914 &#8211; 1956) \u2014 merged with Tiny Tots<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>See-Saw (9th October 1976 \u2013 16th July 1977) &#8211; merged with Toby<br \/>Sparks (3rd May 1919 &#8211; 17th May 1920) \u2013 merged with\/changed to Little Sparks<br \/>Sparkler (20th October 1934 &#8211; 5th August 1939) &#8211; merged with Crackers<br \/>Sunbeam (7th October 1922 \u2013 23rd January 1926; Volume Two 30th January 1926 \u2013 25th May 1940) \u2013 merged with Tiny Tots<br \/>Sunday Fairy \u2013 merged with Children\u2019s Sunday Fairy<br \/>(10th May 1919 &#8211; 4th October 1919)<br \/>Sunny Stories 12th July 1958 \u2013 19th June 1971) \u2013 merged with Disneyland<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tiny Tots (1927-1959) \u2014 merged with Playhour<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wonderland Tales (1st June 1919 \u2013 30th May 1920) &#8211; merged with Wonderland Tales Weekly<br \/>Wonderland Tales Weekly (5th June 1920 &#8211; 26th June 1920) \u2013 merged with Wonderland Weekly<br \/>Wonderland Weekly (5th July 1920 &#8211; 23rd July 1921) \u2013 merged with Young Folks Tales<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Picture Libraries<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Adventure<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Air Ace Picture Library (January 1960 &#8211; November 1970)<br \/>\u2013 merged with War Picture Library<br \/>Action Picture Library (August 1969 &#8211; October 1970)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Battle Picture Library (January 1961 &#8211; December 1984)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cowboy Comics \/ Picture Library (May 1950 &#8211; September 1962)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Eagle Picture Library (May 1985 &#8211; November 1985) NB title might be owned by the Dan Dare Corporation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fleetway Super Library: Fantastic Series (January 1967 &#8211; January 1967) \u2013 merged with Fleetway Super Library: Stupendous Series<br \/>Fleetway Super Library: Front Line Series (January 1967 &#8211; January 1968)<br \/>Fleetway Super Library: Secret Agent Series (January 1967 &#8211; January 1968)<br \/>Fleetway Super Library: Stupendous Series (February 1967 &#8211; January 1968)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Giant War Picture Library (June 1964 &#8211; December 1965)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lion Picture Library (October 1963 &#8211; May 1969)<br \/>Lone Rider Picture Library (July 1961 &#8211; February 1962)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Super Detective Picture Library (March 1953 &#8211; December 1960)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thriller Comics (November 1951 &#8211; May 1963)<br \/>Tiger Sports Picture Library (July 1961 &#8211; December 1961)<br \/>Top Secret Picture Library (July 1974 &#8211; February 1976)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Valiant Picture Library (June 1963 \u2013 May 1969)<br \/>Valiant Story of the West (1966)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>War Picture Library (September 1958 &#8211; December 1984)<br \/>War at Sea Picture Library (February 1962 &#8211; July 1963)<br \/>Wild West Picture Library (May 1966 &#8211; January 1971)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Humour<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buster Adventure Picture Library (July 1966 &#8211; December 1967)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Girls<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Confessions Library (February 1959 &#8211; December 1960)<br \/>Famous Romance Library (Launched January 1958, final publication date welcome)<br \/>Girl Picture Library (August 1984, final publication date welcome)<br \/>June &amp; School Friend and Princess Picture Library (June 1966, final publication date welcome)<br \/>June &amp; School Friend Picture Library (October 1965 &#8211; June 1966)<br \/>Love Story Picture Library (August 1952, final publication date welcome)<br \/>My Guy Monthly (August 1984, final publication date welcome)<br \/>Princess Picture Library (July 1961, final publication date in 1966 welcome)<br \/>Romantic Confessions Picture Library (1961, final publication date welcome)<br \/>School Friend Picture Library (February 1962 &#8211; September 1965) \u2013 merged with June &amp; School Friend Picture Library<br \/>School Girls Picture Library (July 1957 &#8211; September 1965) \u2013 merged with June &amp; School Friend Picture Library<br \/>True Life Library (1955, final publication date welcome)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Web Links<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/downthetubes.net\/?page_id=7076\">For more British Comics Reference visit out Links page<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2022 <a href=\"https:\/\/bearalley.blogspot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bear Alley<\/a> &#8211; Steve Hollands&#8217;s Site &#8211; see also Steve&#8217;s&nbsp;<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.philsp.com\/homeville\/bjsp\/0start.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">British Juvenile Story Papers and Pocket Libraries Index<\/a><\/em><\/strong><br \/><strong>\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/lewstringer.blogspot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Blimey!<\/a> &#8211; Lew Stringer&#8217;s Site<br \/>\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.britishcomics.20m.com\/pocket.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">British Comic Libraries<\/a> &#8211; compiled by Vic Whittle<br \/>\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/comicsuk.co.uk\/index.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Comics UK Forum<\/a><br \/>\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dandare.info\/history\/fleet_index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dan Dare Info: Complete AP\/ Fleetway Index<\/a>&nbsp;&#8211; this brilliant list include number of issues for each title<br \/>\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.greatnewsforallreaders.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Great News For All Readers<\/a><br \/><\/strong><strong style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/the-oink-blog.blogspot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Phil&#8217;s Oink! Blog<\/a> also features articles on other British comics<br \/>\u2022&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/michaelowencarroll.wordpress.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rusty Staples<\/a>&nbsp;&#8211; Michael Carroll&#8217;s site<br \/><\/strong><strong>\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/starlogged.blogspot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Starlogged<\/a>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Girls Comics<br \/>\u2022 <a href=\"https:\/\/jintycomic.wordpress.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Jinty Resource<\/a><br \/>\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/girlscomicsofyesterday.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Girls Comics of Yesterday<\/a><br \/>\u2022 <a href=\"https:\/\/kb-outofthisworld.blogspot.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Out of this World<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Humour Comics<br \/><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2022 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.toonhound.com\/fleetway.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Toonhoound &#8211; Fleetway Street<\/a><br \/>\u2022 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fleetway_Publications\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wikipedia: Fleetway Publications &#8211; a history<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Great News for All Readers Guide to British Comics Mergers<\/h3>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/issuu.com\/greatnewsforallreaders\/docs\/fleetwayipc_merger_chart2-1_0dc7c565b3aaef\">https:\/\/issuu.com\/greatnewsforallreaders\/docs\/fleetwayipc_merger_chart2-1_0dc7c565b3aaef<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>With thanks to Michael Carroll, Phil Creighton, Steve Holland, Dr. Matthew Kilburn, David Moloney, Philip Rushton, Lew Stringer and many others<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A guide to Who Owns What when it comes to classic British Comics brands and characters &#8211; additions and updates always welcome!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":130044,"parent":17236,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[11152,20831,13638,27093,1468,50,19237,3794,10594,6,571,290,19238,19239,20686,19240,15274,17530,3008,27092,11181],"class_list":["post-101053","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-2000ad","tag-beano-2","tag-c-arthur-pearson-ltd","tag-classic-british-comics","tag-countdown","tag-dc-thomson","tag-express-newspapers","tag-fleetway","tag-fleetway-publications","tag-ipc","tag-john-m-burns","tag-look-and-learn","tag-mirror-newspapers","tag-mirrorpix","tag-newsquest","tag-polystyle-publications","tag-rebellion-publishing-ltd","tag-the-monkees","tag-tiger-tim","tag-timedia","tag-tv-century-21","odd"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/101053","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101053"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/101053\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17236"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/130044"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101053"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/downthetubes.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101053"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}